School Science Lessons
2023-01-04
Please send comments to: J.Elfick@uq.edu.au
(UNBiolN3GH.html)

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Genus names G, (Gahnia | Gynura)

Genus names H
Sawsedge, (Gahnia aspera), rough saw-sedge, round sawsedge, tufted perennial, clumping plant, up to 80 cm, sharp strap-like leaves, red-brown seeds on flower spikes, in wet eucalypt forest, used in moist gardens, Australian native food, Australia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Cyperaceae
Tall sawsedge, (Gahnia clarkei), up to 2m, perennial tussock, wetlands plant, harmful serrated leaves, Australia, Cyperaceae
Sawsedge, (Gahnia sieberiana), redfruit sawsedge, up to 2m, perennial clumping sedge, Australia, Cyperaceae
Indian blanket, (Gaillardia pulchella), firewheel, up to 60 cm, aromatic leaves, red to yellow flowers with brown centres, achene fruit, (contains toxic Pulchellin C15H22O4 ?), USA, Asteraceae
Goat's rue, (Galega officinalis), galega, professor weed, French lilac, holy hay, perennial, hardy plant, up to 1metre, white pea flowers, contains, Saponins, Flavonoids, Chromium salts, Galegine Guanidine, Hydroxykaemferol, herbal medicine, leaves used in diet for balancing metabolism, increased breast milk, toxic to sheep, noxious weed, Southern Europe, Fabaceae.
Goat's Rue, Mudbrick Herb Cottage, See text below.
Dried herb is sold as aerials.
Cleavers, (Galium aparine), goosegrass, velcro weed, grip grass, catchweed, crosswort, lady bedstraw, woodruff, annual, weed, white-flowered, whorled leaves, smells of new-mown hay when dried or crushed | glycosides | alkaloids | folk medicine, poultice, diuretic, may cause dermatitis, Rubiaceae
Dried herb sold as aerials
Cleavers, Mudbrick Herb Cottage.
Dried herb sold as aerials.
Galium species, may be called "bedstraws", have small leaves in whorls, whorls of feathery tiny flowers.
Hedge bedstraw, (Galium mollugo), false baby's breath, up to 100 cm, small white flowers, widely distributed in Europe, noxious weed, Rubiaceae
Sweet woodruff, (Galium odoratum), woodruff, herb walter, kiss-me-quick, herbaceous perennial, up to 30 cm, attractive vanilla-scented leaves, formerly used as strewing herb and in herb pillows culinary uses, dried leaves added to sweet wine for May bowl punch | Coumarin | herbal medicine, benefits lymphatic system, Rubiaceae
Lady's bedstraw, (Galium verum), pettimugget, maid's hair, herbaceous, perennial, sprawling plant, but up to 90 cm, shiny dark green leaves, hairy underneath, clustered | Coumarin-scented | yellow flowers | Asperuloside | culinary uses, in cheese-making to make milk curdle, add flowers to yellow cheese, may be noxious weed, Europe, North America, Central Asia, Rubiaceae
Lady's Bedstraw, Mudbrick Herb Cottage.
Scaly ash, (Ganophyllum falcatum), to 15 m, rainforest tree, orange-red edible fruit, toxic to termites, useful timber, park ornamental, Australia, Africa, Asia, Sapindaceae
Ganophyllum falcatum, Donald Simpson, Magnetic Island
Malabar tamarind, (Garcinia gummi-gutta), gambooge, brindleberry, commonly known as Garcinia cambogia, orange fruit with thick skin with vertical lobes like a pumpkin called a "gamboge", used in curries, commercial preparation supposed to cause weight loss and said to be toxic but Australian authorities have determined that it is safe, gamboge is a deep saffron pigment used to dye the robes of Buddhist monks, India, Southeast Asia, Clusiaceae
Dried herb sold as berry powder.
Hanbury's garcinia, (Garcinia hanburyi) | Gambogic acid | gum resin | yields the yellow dye called gamboge, Cambodia, Thailand, Clusiaceae
Achacha, (Garcinia humilis), wild mammee, small tree, evergreen, slow-growing, fruit, firm rind, soft, white subacid pulp, used fresh, propagation from seeds, unusual sweet / acidity taste, harvest when mature, because no storage ripening, from Bolivian region of Amazon basin where called "honey kiss", protected by Plant Breeders Right, (PBR), so may not be grown or propagated without a licence.
See diagram Achacha, Tropical America, Clusiaceae
Garcinia humilis, Achacha, Daleys Fruit tree Nursery
Wild mangosteen, (Garcinia indica) | Garcinol | Clusiaceae
Bitter kola, (Garcinia kola) | Kolaflavanone | Kolanone | Clusiaceae
African mangosteen, (Garcinia livingstonei), imbe fruit, small tree, evergreen, slow-growing, male and female, fruit, small, round, orange, large seed, tasty, used fresh, cooked with porridge, seeded and dried, or crushed like grapes to create a drink, which can also be fermented to make a purplish wine or soaked in alcohol and mixed with syrup to make liqueur, antibacterial compounds, decorative tree, propagation from seeds, East Africa, Mozambique, Clusiaceae
Charichuela, (Garcinia macrophylla, Rheedia macrophylla), small tree, evergreen, slow-growing, fruit, firm yellow rind, soft white subacid pulp, used fresh, propagation from seeds, South America, Clusiaceae
Charichuela, (Garcinia madrono), "Madruno", lemon drop mangosteen, medium tree, slow-growing, fruit, firm yellow rind, soft white subacid pulp, used fresh, evergreen, slow-growing, propagation from seeds, Tropical America, Clusiaceae
Lemon drop mangosteen, (Garcinia intermedia) similar to (Garcinia madruno), Tropical America, Clusiaceae
Garcinia intermedia, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Mangosteen, (Garcinia mangostana), purple mangosteen, gamboge tree, sap tree, medium tree, evergreen, slow-growing, fruit, medium, ovate, soft, white sweet pulp, used fresh, propagation from seeds | Gartanin | Isomangostin | Mangostin in pericarp | Norathyriol | herbal medicine, Indonesia, Clusiaceae
Brunei cherry, (Garcinia parvifolia), kundong, asam aur aur, evergreen tree, up to 33 m. popular cherry-like fruit gathered from the wild, bioactive compounds, traditional medicine, wet tropical areas, Malaysia, Cluniaceae
Garcinia parvifolia, Brunei Cherry, Daleys Fruit tree Nursery
Luc's garcinia, (Garcinia Vleerackeii), Limoncillo, Mexican mangosteen, slow growing, attractive tree with spreading form, waxy deep emerald-green large leafy foliage, single-seeded bright yellow fruit as large as tennis balls, best pulp ratio, elegant sub-acid flavour, said to be superior to close-relative mangosteens, Mexico, Clusiaceae.
Garcinia Vleerackeii, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Native mangosteen, (Garcinia warrenii), Warren's mangosteen, up to 25 m, dioecious, male flowers clove-like smell, not favoured edible fruits, yellow exudate, rainforest tree, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Clusiaceae
Yellow mangosteen, (Garcinia xanthochymus), garcinia, egg tree, sour mangosteen mundu, yields yellow dye gamboge, medium tree, evergreen, slow-growing fruit, fruit, medium, ovate, yellow, acid pulp, large seeds, used fresh, preserves, propagation from seeds, attractive ornamental, India, Burma, Clusiaceae
Garcinia xanthochymus, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Gardenia, (Gardenia jasminoides), cape Jasmine, cape Jessamine, jasmin, showy evergreen shrub, glossy green foliage, up to 1.2 m, highly fragrant double bloom ivory-coloured flowers, orange fleshy berry, | Crocetin | used in bridal bouquets or as cut flowers or hedging, yellow dye from fruit, Chinese herbal medicine, (houseplant), forest habitat, Southeast Asia, Rubiaceae
Hann gardenia, (Gardenia psidioides), up to 1 m, understory plant, cylindrical white corolla tube, useful ornamental garden plant Australia, Rubiaceae
Star flower, (Gardenia scabrella), small tree, grows on forest margins, dense rounded shrub with showy flowers, Australia, Rubiaceae
Heart-leaf poison bush, (Gastrolobium grandiflorum), wallflower poison bush, desert poison bush, woody perennial shrub, up to 2 m, grey-green leaves with prominent yellow veins, orange-red pea-shaped flowers, yellowish-brown hairy pods, poisonous to stock | Monofluoroacetic acid (1080 poison) | in eucalypt woodland, Australia, Fabaceae
Tasmanian snow berry, (Gaultheria hispida), copperleaf snow berry, erect multi-branched shrub, wet forests and alpine woodlands, snow-white berries, copper-tinged leaves, up to 2m in a forest, dark green glossy leaves with depressed veins and serrated leaf margins, red stems, terminal clusters of small white urn- shaped flowers, red capsules, edible fruit bitter taste, may be anti-inflammatory, Australian native food, Tasmania, Ericaceae.
See diagram:Wintergreen
Anagyrine, Cytisine, Genistein, Retamine.
Gaultheria hispida, Tasmanian snow berry, The Seed Vine
American wintergreen, (Gaultheria procumbens), snowberry, teaberry, checkerberry, aromatic wintergreen, gaultheria oil, oil of wintergreen, refreshing aroma | Methyl salicylate | Pyrocatochuic acid \
| Salicyclic acid | herbal medicine, Ericaceae.
Llume palm, (Gaussia attenuata), gaussia, up to 20 m, solitary cliff dweller, trunk wide at base. but narrow at crown, Puerto Rico, Arecaceae
Black huckleberry, (Gaylussacia baccata), common huckleberry, upright branching shrub, blue-black berries, North America, Ericaceae
Dyer's broom, (Genista tinctoria), waxen woad, dyer's green wood, dyer's greenweed, perennial shrub, meadow plant, up to 1.5 m, full sun, spikes of yellow pea-like flowers, formerly source of yellow dye, Genistin, Rhombifoline, Tinctorine, Genistein, herbal medicine, skin complaints, but too toxic for internal medicine, yellow ornamental, Fabaceae.
Genista cinerea, Cinegalline, Hydroxylupanine, Fabaceae.
Genista juncium, Retamine, Fabaceae.
Scrambling lily, (Geitonoplesium cymosum), scrambling vine, narrow glossy leaves, mauve / white flowers, globose berries contain many black seeds, shoots are harvested from wild plants, eaten like asparagus for pleasant flavour, Philippines, Indonesia, Australian native food, Asphodelaceae
See diagram Geitonoplesium cymosum.
Trumpet flower, (Gelsemium sempervirens), gelsemium, ("yellow jasmine". but it is not a jasmine) | Gelsemicine | Gelsemine | Scopoletin | Sempervirine | herbal medicine, poison, Loganiaceae
Genip, (Genipa americana), marmalade box, medium tree, evergreen, slow-growing, fruit, large, green, used fresh, evergreen, propagation from seeds, South America.
Clustered gentian (Gentiana triflora), san hua long dan, Chinese gentian, perennial, spectacular blue petals | Anthocyanin, Gentianine alkaloids | Gentianaceae
Geranium, (Geranium species), Geraniaceae, called cranesbills, because the seed pods like a crane's bill).
Scented geraniums, Mudbrick Herb Cottage
See: Geraniums, Nurseries Online
See: Pelargoniums
Gerbera, (Gerbera jamesonii), Barberton daisy, Transvaal daisy, daisy-like flowers, Asteraceae
4.3.3 Grow Gerbera using in vitro culture
Wood avens, (Geum urbanum), herb Bennet, colewort, St. Benedict's herb, perennial, shade, yellow flowers, herbal medicine, many traditional "cures" for digestive system, evil spirits | Eugenol in roots | Rosaceae
Wood Avens, Mudbrick Herb Cottage.
White avens, (Geum canadense), native American love medicine, Canada, North America, Mexico, Rosaceae
Geum species are commonly called "avens", Rosaceae
See diagram White avens.
Giant atter bamboo, (Giantochloe atter), sweet bamboo, dense clumping, young shoots are consumed as vegetable, stems used for furniture and musical instruments, up to 22 m, common village cultivation, Malaysia, Poaceae
Guadua Bamboo, Colombia
Edible bamboo, Daleys Fruit Tree Nurseryzzz
Ginkgo, Ginkgophyta Division
Gladioli, (Gladiolus callianthus), Abyssinian gladiolus, fragrant gladiolus, up to 100 cm, ornamental, corm perennial, sword-like leaves, fragrant white flowers with a maroon blotch in the throat on slender nodding stems, contractile roots, widely cultivated, eastern Africa, Iridaceae
See diagram Gladiolus, corm.
Glaucophytes, Glaucophyta Division
Garland chrysanthemum, (Glebionis coronaria), edible garland chrysanthemum, chop suey greens, crown daisy, Japanese greens, popular leaf vegetable, special aroma, herbal medicine in East Asia, Mediterranean region, Asteraceae
Garland chrysanthemum, Mudbrick Herb Cottage
Ground ivy, (Glechoma hederacea), alehoof, cat's foot, perennial evergreen creeper, hardy plant, groundcover, dainty scalloped leaves, can be used as lawn, formerly used to clarify ale, cultivars have attractive green and white leaves, used for hanging baskets, groundcover, herbal medicine, colds, persistent coughs, liver tonic, ringing in ears, Lamiaceae
See diagram Glechoma hederacea.
Chinese honey locust, (Gleditsia sinensis), Prohibited invasive plant of Queensland, China, Fabaceae
Honey locust tree, (Gleditsia triacanthus), 3-thorned acacia, common North America street tree, North America, Fabaceae
Soya bean, (Glycine max), soybean, vegetable, soybean oil, East Asia, Fabaceae
Glycine max, soybean, The Seed Vine
Bean curd, Prepare bean curd (tofu, soya bean), (Prepare)
Twining glycine, (Glycine clandestina), widespread, variety of habitats, wiry twining plant whose thin stems twist around the stems of other plants, inconspicuous habit and not noticed until the flowers appear, does not overwhelm other plants, 3-foliolate leaves are arranged alternately on the stems, mauve to pale pink and white “pea” shape flowers consisting of 4 petals, elongated pods up to 40 mm long, rarely cultivated, propagation from seed following pre-treatmentt by abrasion or by the use of boiling water, most species only in Australia, East Asia,Pacific islands. subfamily Faboideae, Fabaceae
Glycine species usually have a twining or scrambling habit.
Gliricidia, (Gliricidia sepium), quickstick, madre de cacao, fast growing, explosive pods, widely introduced cocoa shade in tropical areas, live fencing, insect repellent, rodenticide, (Gliricidia means "mouse killer"), Fabaceae
1.2 Shade trees, Gliricidia sepium
Pale yellow pop-flower, (Glischrocaryon flavescens), up to 90 cm, perennial herb with woody rootstock, Australia, Haloragaceae
Cheese tree, (Glochidion ferdinandi), woody shrub, fast growing up to 8 m, dense canopy shade tree, fruits are like cheese wheels or pumpkins, bright red seeds, Australia, Phyllanthaceae
Umbrella cheese tree, (Glochidion sumatranum), large-leaved cheese tree, buttonwood, large glossy leaves, rainforest tree, Australia, Phyllanthaceae
Gloriosa lily, (Gloriosa superba, "Rothschildiana"), climbing lily, flame lily, glory lily, ornamental, flowers bright red edged with yellow edges, large rhizome, all parts poisonous | Colchicine | cyclic ketone Gloriosine C21H23NO6 | floral emblem of Zimbabwe, traditional medicine, noxious weed, environmental weed, banned from sale in Australia, India and many countries, Colchicaceae
Pink lime berry, (Glycosmis trifoliata), orange berry, pink-fruited lime berry, pink-fruited glycosmis, lime berry, bushy shrub or small tree, up to 4 m in cultivation, glossy aromatic leaves, tiny white fragrant flowers, sweet pink honey-flavoured fruits with a citrus tang, understory plant, screening plant, tropical rainforests, Australia, southeast Asia, Rutaceae
Plants are quite hardy and start to bear fruit at a fairly early stage.
Tiny white flowers are followed by large clusters of translucent pink berries, from 1 to 1.5 mm diameter, which start to appear in late Spring and will bear continually through most of the year, depending on climate.
Berries are best eaten, fresh, straight off the bush.
Sweet, succulent, berries of pink lime berry neither look like nor taste like limes.
Licorice, (Glycyrrhiza glabra), (English: liquorice), herbaceous perennial, up to 1 metre, deciduous, large divide leaves, narrow sticky leaflets, upright stems of mauve-violet flowers, up to 1.5 m, full sun, culinary uses, root 50 x sweeter than sugar, but can be taken by diabetics, used to sweeten foods, drinks, thirst quencher, herbal medicine, licorice tea to treat bronchial coughs, strained vocal chords, stomach disorders, blood tonic, mucous congestion, pain, coughs, throat ailments, indigestion, constipation, root chewed to quit smoking, licorice may increase the absorption of drugs and affect their liver metabolism, increase toxicity of, Digoxin, Aspartic acid, Glabridin, Glycyrrhetinic acid, Liquiritigenin, Pinocembrin, roots contain, Glycyrrhizin, Hispaglabridin, Isoliquiritigenin, used to flavour confectionary and drinks, but "licorice" from sweetshops for children may be made of licorice flavouring, reduce the effects of blood pressure or diuretic drugs, cause electrolyte disturbances if tobacco chewing, reduce the effects of birth control pills and hormone replacement therapies, increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulants, e.g. warfarin, heparin, aspirin, do not take if have high blood pressure, kidney disorders or low potassium levels, overuse can cause water retention and high blood pressure, anti-stress "adaptogen", not to be taken for up to four weeks, because can cause high blood pressure, Fabaceae.
Licorice, Mudbrick Herb Cottage, See text below.
Dried herb is sold as root.
American liquorice, (Glycyrrhiza lepidota), "wild licorice, Glabranin, Glepidotin A, B and C, Prenyldihydropinosilvin, roots chewed, American native medicine, Fabaceae.
Chinese licorice, (Glycyrrhiza uralensis), gan cao, Chinese herbal medicine | Flavonoids Narcissin, Glycyrrhizin | so may cause high blood pressure, China, Fabaceae.
Chinese Licorice, Mudbrick Herb Cottage.
Dried herb is sold as root powder, dried root and root sticks 6".
Cuban mangosteen, (Garcinia aristata), medium tree, evergreen, slow-growing, fruit, small, yellow, white slightly sweet pulp, large seeds, used fresh, propagation from seeds, attractive ornamental, glossy dark green leaves, West Indies, Clusiaceae
| Euxanthone | Mesuaxanthone | Xanthochymol |
Bakupari, (Garcinia brasiliensis), medium tree, yellow latex from wounds, fruit, small, ovate, thick orange skin, white subacid aromatic pulp, propagation from seeds, used fresh, South America, Clusiaceae
White beech, (Gmelina leichardtii), up to 30 m, timber tree, ornamental for large gardens, Australia, Lamiaceae
Gnetum, Gnetophyta Division
Amuyon, (Goniothalamus amuyon), tree, up to 15 m, flowers with 3 fleshy green sepals, green-yellow fleshy petals in two rows of 3. oval fruit about 5 cm with a mild pleasant smell, (alkaloid: velutinam C17H13NO4), traditional medicine for a variety of ailments, Philippines, Annonaceae
Goniothalamus is a huge genus of cytotoxic plants
Hop goodenia, (Goodenia ovata), fast-growing groundcover or shrub up to 2 m high, green oval leaves, yellow flowers, (upright, prostrate and shrub forms), Australia, Goodeniaceae
Goodenia ovata, BotanyBrisbane
Blue fan flower, (Goodenia scaevolina), fan flower, Goodeniaceae
Golden tip, (Goodia latifolia), clover tree, clover bush, yellow pea, Australia, Fabaceae
Goodia latifolia, Golden tip, Australian National Herbarium
Goodia latifolia, Golden tip, Southern Harvest
Loblolly bay, (Gordonia lasianthus), evergreen shrub, fragrant white flowers, can grow in wet soil, North America, Theaceae
Sweet myrtle, (Gossia fragrantissima), small-leaved myrtle, multi-stemmed shrub or small tree, up to 10 m, rough brown and fissured bark, small glossy leaves with a tiny point at the apex and are paired on the stem, shiny red new leaves, small white fragrant flowers, small round yellow to orange berries, can hyperaccumulate four different heavy elements – manganese, nickel, cobalt and zinc so may be used to extract minerals from tailings during mine rehabilitation, Australia. Myrtaceae
Sweet myrtle, QAAFI
Cotton bush, (Gossypium barbadense), sea island cotton has long silky fibres, Egyptian cotton has extra long staple, cottonseed oil, herbal medicine, gossypol anti-fertility medicine, Malvaceae
The four basic types of cotton
Gossypium hirsutum, American cotton. upland cotton, native to Central America, Mexico, the Caribbean and southern Florida, (90% of world production)
Gossypium barbadense, Gallini cotton, extra-long staple cotton, native to tropical South America, (8% of world production)
Gossypium arboreum, Asiatic cotton, tree cotton, native to India and Pakistan, (less than 2% of world production)
Gossypium herbaceum, Levant cotton, native to southern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, (less than 2% of world production)
Scarlet fuchsia, (Graptophyllum excelsum), native fuchsia, letter leaf, attractive foliage plant, deep scarlet-red flowers, Australia, Acanthaceae
Mt Blackwood holly, (Graptophyllum illicifolium), holly-leaved graptophyllum, up to 6 m, prickly leaves with noticeable markings, Australia, Acanthaceae
Samford holly, (Graptophyllum spinigerum), up to 1 m, rainforest shrub, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Acanthaceae
Hedge hyssop, (Gratiola officinalis), common hedge hyssop, herb of grace, bitter nauseous taste | Gratiolin | one of the essential principles of herbal medicine, cathartic, emetic, diuretic, treat liver disorders, Europe, Scrophulariaceae
Bractless hedgehyssop, (Gratiola ebracteata), low-growing marsh plant, grows in mud, inflorescence with hair-like glands, North America, Scrophulariaceae
Bank's grevillea, (Grevillea banksii), red-flowered silky oak, dwarf silky oak, white silky oak, many cultivars, first collected by Sir Joseph Banks 1770, best backyard household plant, Australia, Proteaceae
Grevillea species are small shrubs, showy evergreen plants, up to 2 m, nectar-rich flowers including a "spider flower" in a single colour throughout the year, grow in full sunny, light, gritty, free-draining soil, Brisbane City Council suggestion, Proteaceae
Grevillea hybrid, Grevillea, Daleys fruit Tree Nursery
Brown silky oak, (Grevillea baileyana), hardy garden tree, attractive lobed leaves and nectar-rich flowers, Australia, Proteaceae
Fuchsia grevillea, (Grevillea bipinnatifida), red blooms, spiky foliage, household plant glauca, Australia, Proteaceae
Curved leaf grevillea, (Grevillea curviloba), erratic growth so not suitable ground cover, Australia, Proteaceae
Bushman's clothes peg, (Grevillea glauca), beefwood tree, collected in 1770 at Endeavour River, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Proteaceae
Rock grevillea, (Grevillea heliosperma), up to 8 m, ornamental tree for parks and streets, Australia, Proteaceae
Spreading grevillea, (Grevillea humifusa), ornamental for rockeries and pots, Australia, Proteaceae
Inticata grevillea, (Grevillea intricata), up to 2 m, delicate white flowers, household plant Australia, Proteaceae
Wax grevillea, (Grevillea insignis), up to 5 m, beautiful foliage, garden plant, Australia, Proteaceae
Juniper grevillea, (Grevillea juniperina), many garden cultivars, regenerates after bush fires, long flowering, cause skin rash, Australia, Proteaceae
Woolly grevillea, (Grevillea lanigera), many garden cultivars, ornamental tree, Australia, Proteaceae
Silky grevillea, (Grevillea pteridifolia), fern-leafed grevillea, popular garden hybrids, used as stuffing, antibacterial compounds, Australia, Proteaceae
Silky oak, (Grevillea robusta), Australian silky oak, southern silky oak, (not an oak tree Quercus), the largest species of genus Grevillea, up to 40 m, timber tree, household plant, grafting stock, contains hydrogen cyanide, subtropical rainforest, (houseplant), Australia, Proteaceae
Emu berry, (Grewia latifolia), dysentery plant, up to 2 m, woody capsules, used in coal mine rehabilitation, Australian native medicine, Australia, Tiliaceae
See diagram: Phalsa, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Phalsa, (Grewia asiatica), sweet and sour falsa fruit, herbal medicine, India, widespread, Tiliaceae
Grewia asiatica, Phalsa, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Dog's balls, (Grewia retusifolia), turkey bush, diddle diddle, small two-lobed edible fruit, Australian native medicine, Tiliaceae
Griffonia, (Griffonia simplifonia), woody climbing shrub | 5-hydrotryptophan precursor to form, Serotonin | herbal medicine, Africa, Fabaceae.
Great valley gumplant, (Grindelia camporum), great valley gumweed, tall perennial, thistle-like yellow flower heads, Native American folk medicine, California, Asteraceae.
Grindelia camporum, Mudbrick Herb cottage, See text below Description.
Dried herb sold as aerials.
Scrub ooline, (Guilfoylia monostylis), native plum, Australia, Surianaceae
Glossy tamarind, (Guoia acutifolia), northern guioa, sharp-leaf guioa, Australia, Sapindaceae
Wild quince, (Guoia semiglauca), Australia, Sapindaceae
Guaiacol in gaiac oil, Caribbean region, Zygophyllaceae
Roughbark lignum-vitae, (Guaiacum officinale), guaiacwood, national flower of Jamaica, Caribbean South America, caltrop family, Zygophyllaceae, Holywood, (Guaiacum sanctum) is the national tree of the Bahamas.
Guaiacum genus contains lignum vitae, a very hard heartwood also called guaiacum.
Gum guaicum was used to stimulate menstruation, as an abortifacient, treat sore throat, chronic gout and rheumatism.
Guaiacum is food additive E314 antioxidant.
Guaiacum, Health Benefits Times
Dried herb sold as wood powder.
Miracle fruit. (Gymnema sylvestre), cowplant | Gymnemic acid | supresses sweetness taste | Viburnitol | in Gymnema sylvestre leaves. herbal medicine, India, Apocynaceae
Gymnemic acids, triterpenoid glycosides
See diagram Gymnema
Dried herb is sold as leaves.
Gymnosperms
Jiaogulan, (Gynostemma pentaphyllum), "immortality herb", because supposed to cause longevity, "twisting vine orchid", climbing vine, dioecious, grown as annual to harvest in summer | gypenosides, Saponins | widely used as a herbal tea, dietary supplement, and vegetable in Asian countries, contains, gypenosides, associated with therapy for treatment of type-2 diabetes and obesity, and moderate cytotoxicity against certain human breast cancer cells, herbal medicine as herbal tea, antioxidants, regulate blood pressure, lowers serum cholesterol, protects liver, South China, east Asia, northern Vietnam, Cucurbitaceae.
Dried herb is sold as aerials.
Gynostemma pentaphyllum, Jiaogulan
Daintree pine, (Gymnostoma australianum), Daintree oak, dawn she-oak, (not a pine or a conifer but looks like one), up to 7 m, conical shape, attractive plant, separate male and female flowers, dark–coloured winged seeds, nitrogen-fixing nodules in roots, restricted distribution in the Daintree rainforests region, Australia, Casuarinaceae
Morinda, (Gynochthodes jasminoides), sweet morinda, jasmine morinda, native jasmine, woody climber, perfumed flowers, fleshy orange fruit, rainforest plant, Australia, Rubiaceae
Gynochthodes jasminoides, Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants
Longevity spinach, (Gynura procumbens), sambung, Mollucan spinach, leaves of the gods, perennial vine with young leaves and shoots which can be eaten fresh in salads or added to rice or noodle dishes, resin acids with various health benefits, China, Southeast Asia, Africa, Zygophyllaceae.
Cook it like spinach, sauté in butter or oil and a little garlic or add to soups or stews.​
Scientists have studied (Gynura procumbens) and have concluded that it is "a potential natural source of compounds with various pharmacological actions which can be utilized for the development of novel therapeutic agents"! Purple passion, (Gynura aurantica), velvet plant, dark green leaves with purple hairs like velvet, unpleasant smell, orange flowers, (houseplant), Asteraceae

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Genus names H
Sunflower, (Helianthus annuus), annual, grown from seed, hairy, up to 1-3 metres, strong stalk, alternate leaves, up to 10-30 cm long, heart-shaped, leaves on long stalks, solitary flower head 10-35 cm across, brown disc florets, single row of yellow rays, each flower in the axil of a bract, large usually white edible seeds, culinary uses, seeds 25% protein, minerals, vitamins D and E | Helianthoside, Niveusin | poisonous petals, seeds must be well-chewed, sunflower oil, herbaceous stem, stalks and leaves for animal feed or compost, cortex differentiated into outer cortex, collenchyma, middle cortex, and inner cortex, endodermis, inulin = D-fructose units, ornamental "children's plant", western North America, Asteraceae.
Jerusalem artichoke, (Helianthus tuberosus), Jerusalem sunflower, sunflower artichoke, sun root, sun choke, (Italian girasole articiocca, sunflower), perennial, up to 1-2 metres, hardy plant, deciduous, yellow flowers grown by tubers, culinary uses, low starch, tuber rich source vitamin, A, B, C and polysaccharide inulin, eaten raw is crisp and crunchy, or cooked, flavour egg dishes and teas, little used for food, may cause flatulence | Terpenes | give pleasant aroma | flavour similar to globe artichoke but does not look like an artichoke, herbal medicine, edible tubers contain inulin, (fructose polymer) instead of starch, grown from tubers, agricultural weed, ornamental, North America, Asteraceae
Helianthus tuberosus, Jerusalem Artichoke, Daly's Fruit Trees.
Logwood, (Haematoxylon campeachianum), haematoxylum, logwood, source of haematoxylin dye, Fabaceae
Bloodroot, (Haemodorum spicatum), clumping plant, up to 1 m, grass type leaves, dark purple-black flowers in terminal clusters at end of flower spike, Australian native folk medicine, Australia, Haemodoraceae
Haemodorum spicatum, Tucker Bush
Pincushion hakea, (Hakea laurina), leaf has very thick cuticle, T-shaped hairs, stomates, pits, woody fruit, widely cultivated, Southwest Australia, Proteaceae
Hakea laurina, Australian National Herbarium
Silver bell, (Halesia carolina), snowdrop tree, drooping clusters white bell-shaped flowers, North America, Styracaceae
Hammada elegance, (Haloxylon salicornicum), (Alkaloids: Halosaline, Anabasine, Hordenine, N-methyltyramine, Haloxine, Aldotripiperideine), Amaranthaceae
Witch hazel, (Hamamelis virginiana), common witch-hazel, wych hazel, spotted alder, perennial, deciduous, frost tolerant, yellow flowers, | Epigallocatechin gallate | Hamamelose | herbal medicine, astringent, extract from leaves and bark called "witch hazel", used to treat bruises, strains, skin problems, North America, Hamamelidaceae
Chinese witch hazel, (Hamamelis mollis), strongly scented flowers, ornamental, China, Hamamelidaceae
Japanese witch hazel, (Hamamelis japonica), ornamental, Japan, Hamamelidaceae
(H. mollis X H. Japonica), widespread ornamental garden hybrid, Hamamelidaceae
Hancornia speciosa, mangaba, medium tree, evergreen, fruit, medium, red, thin skin, sweet flesh, used fresh, propagation from seeds, Brazil, Apocynaceae
Haplocarpha cheilanthifolia, Africa, Asteraceae
Haplocarpha thunbergii, perennial herb, leaves in a basal rosette, Africa, Asteraceae
Native sarsaparilla, (Hardenbergia violacea), purple coral pea, Australian sarsaparilla, Australian lilac, "native sarsaparilla", false sarsaparilla, sarsaparilla vine, climber, up to 1.5 m, hardy, fast growing, evergreen, dark green leathery leaves, dark purple pea flowers, grow in sunny position in well-drained soil, to cover fences, trellises and pergolas or in containers, Australian native food, Fabaceae
Hardenbergia violacea, Australian Native Plants Society
Native wisteria, (Hardenbergia comptoniana), Australia, Fabaceae
Hardenbergia comptoniana, Native wisteria, Southern Harvest
Devil's claw, (Harpagophytum procumbrens), grapple plant | Harpagoside | traditional herbal medicine, anti-inflammatory, may interfere with warfarin and other drugs, southern Africa, Pedaliaceae
Dried herb is sold as root, Harpagophytum procumbens, Mudbrick Herb Cottage.
Kaffir plum, (Harpephyllum caffrum), small tree, dioecious, evergreen, very ornamental branches brittle in heavy winds, flowers and fruits from summer to fall, fruit borne in clusters are red about 2 cm long, thin skin, with pleasantly sour flesh, large seed, propagation from seeds, fruit used fresh, jellies, jams, preserves, wine, bark used for pink dye, slow growing, but long lived tree, plant three trees for cross pollination, South Africa, Mozambique, Anacardiaceae
See diagram: Harpephyllum caffrum
Kaffir Plum, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Cooktown tulipwood, (Harpullia arborea), Australia, Sapindaceae
Blunt-leaved tulip, (Harpullia hillii), blunt-leaved tulipwood, Australia, Sapindaceae
Tulipwood, (Harpullia pendula), hardy, fast growing evergreen tree, up to 10 m, pale green foliage, green-yellow slightly fragrant flowers, orange fruit, black seeds, grow in open sunny position in light to medium soil, shade tree, Brisbane City Council suggestion, Sapindaceae
See diagram: Harpullia pendula
Claudie tulipwood, (Harpullia ramiflora), Australia, Sapindaceae
Slender harpullia, (Harpullia rhyticarpa), Australia, Sapindaceae
Apple cactus, (Harrisia spp), prohibited invasive plant of Queensland, Cactaceae
Haworthia attenuata, with pearly warts on both sides of leaves, (houseplant), Asphodelaceae
Haworthia fasciata, clump-forming succulent, finely-pointed leaves, with pearly "warts" on lower sides of leaves, (houseplant), Asphodelaceae
Suma, (Hebanthe erianthos), Brazilian ginseng, ground vine, extensive root system, used for folk medicine "para tudo" cure-all, aphrodisiac, general tonic | Saponins | Pfaffic acid | Beta-ecdysterone | Glycosides | Nortriterpenes | South America, Amaranthaceae
Dried herb sold as root powder.
North American pennyroyal, (Hedeoma pulegioides), squaw mint, stinking balm, tick weed, mosquito plant, USA, Lamiaceae
Ivy, (Hedera helix), English ivy, common ivy, poisonous berries and leaves | Scopolin | Falcarinol | beta-Hederin | Araliaceae
Canary Island ivy, (Hedera canariensis), self-clinging climber, slightly lobed leaves with white margins, (houseplant), Araliaceae
Spiked ginger lily, (Hedychium spicatum), perfume ginger, sanna, ekangi, perennial, up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in), green leaves, large orange and white flowers, rhizome contains | Labdane terpenes | Hedychinone | Polyphenols | Steroid sapogenin disogenin, (C27H42O3) | used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, may cause death of human colon carcinoma cells, China, Thailand, Zingiberaceae
Kahili ginger Hedychium gardnerianum, Queensland Government
Grey myrtle, (Heimia myrtifolia), deciduous shrub, up to 2 m, erect much-branched glabrous stems, linear willow­like leaves, yellow five-petalled short-stalked flowers, very many tiny seeds, attractive ornamental plant, folk medicine, more than 12 alkaloids have been studied, possibly hallucinogenic, Brazil, Uruguay, Lythraceae
Shrubby yellowcrest. (Heimia salicifolia), sun opener, willow-leaf heimia, sinicuichi, larger flowers than above, has been used for shamanic purposes, Central America to Argentina, Lythraceae
Bitter weed, (Helenium amarum), annual herb, up to 60 cm tall, stems are smooth and branching, numerous smooth green-grey-blue leaves. flowers yellow, daisy-like, about 2cm in diameter, unnoticed when competing with other plants, prohibited invasive plant of Queensland, Asteraceae
Common sneezeweed, (Helenium autumnale L. var. autumnale), sneezewort, USA, Asteraceae
Curry plant, (Helichrysum italicum), immortelle, everlasting helichrysum, perennial, grows on dry, rocky or sandy ground from woody cuttings, small bush, stems woody at base up to 40 cm, silvery stems and narrow silver leaves smelling like curry, clusters of pale gold flowers retain colour after picking, in dried flower arrangements, fragrant, deters clothes moths, culinary uses, young shoots and leaves are stewed meat, fish or vegetable dishes, finely chopped in omelettes, steam-distilled fragrant essential oil, used to freshen cupboards, deter clothes moths, and in baths, herbal remedy, soothes damaged skin, Mediterranean region, Asteraceae
Curry Plant, Mudbrick Herb Cottage.
Everlasting flower, (Helichrysum bracteatum), golden everlasting strawflower, orange flowers, Asteraceae
Hottentot's tea, (Helichrysum nudifolium), perennial, pale yellow inflorescence, in grasslands, traditional uses, South Africa, Asteraceae
Straw flower ‘Golden Yellow’, (Helichrysum monstrosum), Australia, Asteraceae
Helichrysum monstrosum, Straw Flower, Southern Harvest
Silver everlasting flower, (Helichrysum petiolare), groundcover, traditional herbal remedy, South Africa, Asteraceae
Everlasting, (Helichrysum orientale), immortelle, coloured involucral bracts, widely cultivated, North Africa, Asteraceae
Austral oak, (Helicia australasica), creek silky oak, up to 20 m, decorative slender tree, dark green foliage, highly scented pendulous white to cream flowers along branchlets, shiny fleshy dark purple to black fruit, edible only when ripe, lives in shady sites, used for urban and rural planting, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Proteaceae
East Indian screw tree, (Helicteres isora) | Ricin | herbal medicine, brown fruits twisted like screws, India, Sterculiaceae
Heliotrope, (Heliotropium arborescens), cherry pie, turnsole, common heliotrope, Peruvian Heliotrope, garden heliotrope, perennial, up to 1 metre, woody shrub, leaves alternate, green, veined, terminal clusters of fragrant mauve / purple flowers, deep green and slightly ribbed foliage, sweet vanilla-scented, colour varies white to purple, poisonous seeds, vanilla-like fragrance, perfume ingredient, fast growing from cuttings, formerly a popular ornamental, commercial cultivars, slight vanilla scent, , flowers used in potpourri and soap, invasive in Australia, South America, Boraginaceae
Heliotropium aborescens, Heliotrope - Cherry Pie, Mudbrick Herb Cottage, See text below.
Heliotridine, Piperonal Supinidine, Peru, Boraginaceae.
European heliotrope, (Heliotropium europaeum), European turnsole, common heliotrope, annual, up to 40 cm, soft hairs on oval leaves, spike of white flowers, sap used for food colouring, weed of wheat crops, roadside weed, Pyrrolizidine, alkaloids, stock poison Heliotridine, Piperonal Supinidine, Lasiocarpine, Retronecine, Mediterranean region, Boraginaceae.
Heliotrope-Lord Roberts, (Heliotropium arborescens ‘Lord Roberts’), heliotrope, cherry pie, evergreen shrub with spreading growth habit, purple-tinted dark green wrinkled leaves, light violet / blue vanilla-fragrant flowers, Boraginaceae
Heliotropium aborescens 'Lord Roberts', Heliotrope-Lord Roberts, Mudbrick Herb Cottage, See text below.
Blue heliotrope (Heliotropium amplexicaule), environmental weed in Australia, Boraginaceae
Stinking hellebore, (Helleborus foetidus), dungwort, setterwort, bear's foot, all parts contain poisonous glycosides, Ranunculaceae
Christmas rose, (Helleborus niger), black hellebore, evergreen perennial, flowers look like roses, flowers in winter, poisonous root, garden plant, Europe, Ranunculaceae
Green hellebore, (Helleborus orientalis), Lenten rose, Greece, Turkey, Ranunculaceae
Bastard hellebore, (Helleborus viridis), former purgative, but causes vomiting, Ranunculaceae
Daylily, (Hemerocallis citrina), perennial, herbal medicine, antibacterial, culinary uses, yellow to purple flowers supposed to last for only one day, flower buds and young shoots eaten raw and cooked, Eurasia, Asphodelaceae
Daylily, 'Maleny Flirt'', Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Daylily, ''Heaven scent'', Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Orange day-lily, (Hemerocallis fulva), common daylily, tiger daylily, (not a lily Lilium), (flowers open for only one day), was widely grown as an ornamental, large orange flowers, edible young plants, folk medicine, invasive, spread by rhizomes, Asia, family was Hemerocallidaceae, now Asphodelaceae
Hepatophyta, Liverworts, Phylum Hepatophyta.
Stream Lily, (Helmholtzia glaberrima), Australia, Philydraceae
Cow parsnip, (Heracleum maximum), hogged, causes dermatitis, Apiaceae
Grease nut, (Hernandia bivalvis), cudgerie, Australia, Hernandiaceae
Rupturewort, (Herniaria glabra), flat, mat-forming, groundcover | Herniarin | Caryophyllaceae.
Rupturewort, Mudbrick Herb Cottage, See text below.
Sweet rocket, (Hesperis matronalis), double rocket, dame's rocket, evewood, fragrant ornamental vegetable, raw young leaves rich in vitamin C, used as a cress substitute in salads, with extra bitter flavour, to be picked before the plant flowers, seed contains an edible oil, Brassicaceae.
(Not rocket: Eruca vesicaria.)
Giant speargrass, (Heteropogon triticeus), bush sugar cane, up to 2 m, dark seeds, long twisted awn can drill seed into soil, stems sucked for juice, Australian native food, Poaceae
Heteropogon triticeus, NQDryTropics
Cagayan Sagisi palm, (Heterospathe cagayanensis), trunkless palm, Philippines, Arecaceae
Sagisi palm, (Heterospathe elata), slender tall palm, Philippines, Arecaceae
Rubber, (Hevea braziliensis), natural rubber, rubberwood, para rubber, hevea rubber, polyterpenes with linked isoprene units in milky latex sap, in nature, rubberwood is a large hardwood, in plantations, at the time of felling (usually 25 years) trees have a clear bole (trunk) more than 10m high and 25–45cm in diameter, occurs in tropical evergreen rainforests of Brazil, Bolivia, Euphorbiaceae
Climbing guinea flower, (Hibbertia scandens), snake vine, golden guinea vine, climber, up to 1.5 m, vigorous twiner, glossy dark green leaves, large golden yellow flowers, screening plant on walls or fences, well-drained soil, grow in full sun to partial shade in an open position, in tubs and containers, Brisbane City Council suggestion, Dilleniaceae
Guinea flower, (Hibbertia serpyllifolia), Australia, Dilleniaceae
Hairy guinea flower, (Hibbertia vestita), Australia, Dilleniaceae
Chinese hibiscus, (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), hibiscus, rose of China, hibiscus flower, rose mallow, shoe flower, Chinese rose, japa, showy flower, stamens on central column, widely cultivated ornamental, herbal medicine, (roots, leaves and flowers used to treat coughs, fevers, skin diseases, used as cardiotonic), China, Malvaceae
Hibiscus flower, Malvaceae
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Cranberry hibiscus, (Hibiscus acetosella), African rosemallow, ornamental gardens, used eat flowers and leaves fresh in colourful salads, leaves have taste of cranberries Malvaceae
Hibiscus Barambah Creek, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Hibiscus acetosella, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Deccan hemp, (Hibiscus cannabinus), Java jute, (kenaf fibre), fibres and edible oil, Malvaceae
Swamp hibiscus, (Hibiscus diversifolius), Australia, Malvaceae
Okra, (Hibiscus esculentus), gumbo, ladies' finger, vegetable, widely cultivated or its long mucilaginous green pods used as basis for soups and stews, useful fibre, Malvaceae
Native hibiscus, (Hibiscus heterophyllus), native rosella, up to 2 m, showy flowers, sold as Australian native food, Australia, Malvaceae
Hibiscus heterophyllus, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Native pink hibiscus: Hibiscus geranioides, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Phillip Island hibiscus, (Hibiscus insularis), Australia, Malvaceae
Confederate rose, (Hibiscus mutabilis), cotton rose, Dixie rosemallow, herbal medicine, Malvaceae
Roselle, (Hibiscus sabdariffa), rosella flower, rama, meshta, annual herbaceous shrub, fruit, red edible calyxes high in vitamin C, tart-sweet flavour, used in salads, jellies, red sauces, jams, cordials, syrups, fruit teas, wine, sold preserved whole in syrup, decorative flavouring additive, seeds roasted, ground into flour, cooked young leaves called red sorrel, herbal teas, bast fibres from stem, herbal medicine, West Africa, Egypt, Australia, Malvaceae
Hibiscus sabdariffa, Rosella plant, Mudbrick Herb Cottage.
Hibiscus sabdariffa, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Hibiscus sabdariffa, Tucker Bush
See diagram: Roselle, Mudbrick Herb Cottage.
Dried herb, Hibiscus (Rosella) Tea, sold as crushed flowers, Mudbrick Herb Cottage.
Pink hibiscus, (Hibiscus spendens), splendid hibiscus, pink native hibiscus, spectacular pink flowers, Australia, Malvaceae
Rose of Sharon, (Hibiscus syriacus), rose mallow, widely cultivated ornamental, national flower of South Korea, China, Korea, Malvaceae
Sea hibiscus, (Hibiscus tiliaceus), beach hibiscus, invasive weed, fibres in tapa cloth, tidal mangroves, herbal remedy, Australia, Malvaceae
Hibiscus species, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
North bopple nut, (Hicksbeachia pilosa), up to 8 m, multi-stemmed, ornamental, mauve-purple racemes, orange-scarlet fruit, Australia, Proteaceae
North Bopple Nut, Daleys Fruit Tree Nursery
Red bopple nut, (Hicksbeachia pinnatifolia), bopple nut, monkey nut, beef nut, rose nut, ivory silky rose, flower spikes purple-brown-cream, strong sickly sweet smell, red fleshy oval fruit 3-5 cm long, black edible seed in fruit does not fall away, not commercially cultivated like macadamia, ornamental tree, Australian native food, It bears large strap leaves up to 60 cm long, growing straight like a palm.
Its fruit is bright red and 2 to 3 cm wide.
The seed encased in a bony shell is edible, though inferior to the macadamia nut.
The bright red rind is said to numb the mouth if bitten into, in the mistaken idea that it is a fruit, Proteaceae
Orange hawkweed, (Hieracium auranticum), grim the collier, fox and cubs, dense terminal cluster of up to 6 orange flowers, former herbal medicine, ornamental, France, Asteraceae
Mouse-ear hawkweed, (Hieracium pilosella), perennial, hardy plant, groundcover, yellow flowers, rosettes of leaves shaped like a mouse, covered with star-shaped branched hairs, leaves in salads, yellow flowers | Umbelliferone | former herbal medicine, astringent, antibiotic properties, ornamental, Europe, Asia, Asteraceae
Sweet grass, (Hierochloe odorata), incense grass, bison grass, holy grass, manna grass, Mary's grass, seneca grass, perennial, up to 50 cm, traditional ceremonial grass used in peace and healing rituals, leaves dried and braided, also made into smudge sticks, herbal medicine, in distilled beverages, e.g. Polish Zubrowka Vodka, Asia, North America, Poaceae
Sweet Grass, Hierochloe odorata, Mudbrick Herb Cottage
Barbados lily, (Hippeastrum puniceum), Easter lily, cacao lily, (not a true lily, Lilium sp.), clump of strap-like leaves up to 60 cm from the base of the plant, showy red/crimson to pink/orange flowers at the end of thick hollow stems, fruit are three-valved capsules containing flattened black seeds, globose poisonous bulbs, may cause nausea vomiting and diarrhoea, sap may cause skin irritation | Ambelline | Lycorine | local medicine, parent of many ornamental hybrids, Tropical America, Amaryllidaceae
Stripe-leaf amaryllis, (Hippeastrum reticulatum var. striatifolium), self fertile. but pollen released before stigma is receptive, single white stripe running the length of the mid-rib, in Cairns Botanic Garden, Brazil, Amaryllidaceae
Barbados lily, (Hippeastrum vittatum), showy scarlet to pink to white flowers, poisonous bulbs, common ornamental bulb, | Ambelline, Candimine, Galanthamine, Hippeastrine | Amaryllidaceae
Christmas amaryllis (Hippeastrum hybrids), "wrongly called Amaryllis" huge trumpet-shaped flowers, Amaryllidaceae
Chinese Arborvitae, Hippocastanaceae, horse chestnut family
Sea buckthorn, (Hippophae rhamnoides), sea berry, occurs mostly coastal Europe, medicine, [contain antioxidants], Elaeagnaceae
Sayer's silky oak, (Hollandia sayeriana), understory attractive rainforest tree, racemesof pink or purple flowers, Australia, Proteaceae
Bleeding heart, (Homalanthus populifolius), native poplar, Queensland poplar, distinctive red heart-shaped leaf, rainforest pioneer species, Australia, Euphorbiaceae
Purple bush pea, (Hovea acutifolia), Australia, Fabaceae
Hoya, (Hoya macgillivrayi), strong succulent root climber above canopy, majestic flowers, decorative plant, Australia, Apocynaceae
Wax plant, (Hoya anulata), waxy foliage, sweetly scented white flowers with purple centres, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Apocynaceae
Wax vine plant, (Hoya pottsii), fast-growing twining, gold-coloured fragrant flowers, Australia, Apocynaceae
Bluebell, (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), [formerly (Endymion non-scriptus) or (Scilla non-scripta)], common bluebell, harebell, perennial herb, popular garden plant, Europe, Liliaceae
Spade flower, (Hybanthus stellaroides), annual herb, bright orange flowers, coastal plant, Australia, Violaceae
Native frangipanni, (Hymenosporum flavum), up to 1 m, yellow perfumed flowers, groundcover ornamental, Australia, Pittosporaceae
Hypocyrta glabra, rupturewort, shiny, dark green, leathery leaves, diuretic, (houseplant), Caryophyllaceae
Hypoestes phyllostachya Polka dot plant, flamingo plant, freckle plant, up to 1 m. pointed dark green oval leaves with red spots, pink or purple flowers, fruit a small hairless capsule, (houseplant), invasive in Australia, Madagascar, Acanthaceae
Manchineel tree, (Hippomane mancinella), up to 15 m, causes painful rashes, poisonous fruit, | phorbol, C20H28O6), North and South America, Euphorbiaceae
Sea buckthorn, (Hippophae rhamnoides), sea berry occurs mostly, herbal medicine, antioxidants, England, Elaeagnaceae
Willow-leaved sea buckthorn, (Hippophae salicifolia), Himalayan mountains, Elaeagnaceae
Tibetan sea buckthorn, (Hippophae tibetana), Elaeagnaceae
Golden ash, (Hodgkinsonia ovatifolia), to 25 m, creamy white flowers, fleshy drupe, Australia, Rubiaceae
Barley, (Hordeum vulgare), pearl barley, little barley grass, herbal medicine, essential nutrients, B vitamins, Mn, P |
Hordenine | beta-glucan | used in livestock feed, beer, whisky, barley water for fevers, British high alcoholic barley wine, barley is an ancient grain, Poaceae
Dried herb sold as aerials powder, "green barley powder'', folk medicine.
Hormosira banksii, Neptune's necklace, Phaeophyceae, Phylum Phaeophyta.
Hornworts
Horsetails, Equisetum
Bush nutmeg, (Horsfieldia australiana), Australian native food, Myristaceae
Fish mint, (Houttuynia cordata), fishwort, vap ca, variegated toningkok, lizard tail, chameleon plant, heartleaf, bishop's weed, small perennial herb, poison blocking plant, fishy smell plant, herbaceous perennial, hardy plant, up to 40 cm, deciduous, in wet soils, ancient Chinese herb with unusual fish aroma, leaves used raw and cooked to flavour meat dishes, soups, Vietnam and Thai cuisine, valued in Japan as tonic tea, invasive rhizomes, attractive markings on leaves can be of green, pink, cream, same uses as green leaf | Polyphenols | herbal medicine, anti-inflammatory, used to treat allergies and asthma, Japan, Saururaceae
Chinese raisin, (Hovenia dulcis), Japanese raisin, medium tree, deciduous, sweet edible pedicel, used fresh, dried, propagation from seeds, root cuttings, Japan, China.
Purple pea bush, (Hovea acutifolia), small to medium fast growing shrub, to 4 m, purple pea flowers, grow in light shade in well-drained soil, windbreak, hedge or in a large pot or tub, Fabaceae
Curly palm, (Howea belmoreana), sentry palm, paradise palm, thin green stems, foliage edges covered with woolly hairs, Lord Howe Island, Arecaceae
Kentia palm, (Howea forsteriana), thatch palm, sentry palm, paradise palm, Lord Howe Island, Arecaceae
Wax flower, (Hoya australis), ornamental, poisonous, North Australia, Asclepiadaceae
Hoya bella, fleshy leaves, pendulous clusters of waxy star-shaped flowers with purple-red centres, (houseplant), Asclepiadaceae
Wax plant, (Hoya carnosa), North Australia, Southeast Asia, (houseplant), Asclepiadaceae
Hops, (Humulus lupulus), European hop, lupulus, garden herb, herbal medicine, may cause mild central nervous system CNS depression, drowsiness, causes slowed breathing and thinking | Lupulin, Linalool Humulene, Humulone, Isovaleric acid, Lupulone Prenylnaringenin, Tricyclodehydroisohumulone | China, Cannabaceae.
Hops, Mudbrick Herb Cottage.
Dried herb is sold as flowers.
Goldenseal, (Hydrastis canadensis), orange root, yellow knotted rootstock, bitter taste | Berberine | Coptisine | herbal medicine, anti-inflammatory action on mucous membranes to reduce congestion and treat coughs, colds and sinusitis, heartburn, goldenseal tincture to improve immune system to treat odour-producing bacteria in the oral cavity, do not use if have hypertension, Canada, Us, Ranunculaceae
Dried herb sold as root powder.
Water balsam, (Hydrocera triflora), erect, many-branched, semi-aquatic, herbaceous perennial, up to 1 metre tall, used for dye, Southeast Asia, Balsaminaceae
English bluebell, (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Scilla wood hyacinth, wild hyacinth, Asparagaceae
Hyacinth, (Hyacinthus orientalis), common hyacinth, Dutch hyacinth, bluebell, widely cultivated, because strongly fragrant herbaceous perennial, Asparagaceae
Chaulmoogra tree, (Hydnocarpus wightiana), seed oil former treatment of leprosy | chaulmoogric acid, C18H32O2 | Ayurvedic medicine, India, Myanmar, Achariaceae
Bigleaf hydrangea, (Hydrangea macrophylla), French hydrangea, shrub, broad, oval, coarsely-toothed leaves, anthocyanin pigment myrtillin causes blue flower colour if acid soils, pink colour if soils alkaline, popular schools science experiment |
Umbelliferone | herbal medicine, entire plant poisonous, Hydrangeaceae
Dried herb sold as aerials, Mudbrick Herb Cottage.
Smooth hydrangea, (Hydrangea arborescens), wild hydrangea, South America, Hydrangeaceae
6.1.4 Hydrangea flower colour change
Goldenseal, (Hydrastis canadensis), orange root, yellow puccoon, ground cover, scarlet red berries, yellow rhizome, native American folk medicine, used to treat infections and digestive problems | Berberine | Hydrastine | Canadine | Ranunculaceae
Florence Falls palm, (Hydriastele wendlandiana), clusters of thin cane-like stems, showy red fruits, North East Australia, Papua New Guinea, Arecaceae
Slender nymph palm, (Hydriastele microspadix), clumping palm, rainforest plant, Papua New Guinea, Arecaceae
Hydrilla, (Hydrilla verticillata), water thyme, Florida elodea, Esthwaite waterweed, (resists salinity), US aquatic noxious weed, Europe, Australia, Hydrocharitaceae
Manyflower, (Hydrocotyle umbellata), marsh pennywort, water pennywort, dollar weed, aquatic perennial, round green leaves, edible weed, herbal medicine, aquatic invasive, North and South America, Araliaceae
Costa Rican pitahaya, (Hylocereus costaricensis), Costa Rica nightblooming cactus, commercial pitahaya / pitahaya fruit, big flowered ornamental, Central America, Cactaceae
Courbaril, (Hymenaea courbaril), West Indian locust, stinking toe, major indigenous food, non-volatile terpenes, useful very hard wood, gum called 'anime' for incense, Caribbean, South America, Fabaceae
East African copal, (Hymenaea verrucosa), amber tree, non-volatile terpenes, world wide in tropics, copal resin for incense, Fabaceae
Hydrastis "Orangeroot" redirects here. For other uses, see Orange-root. Goldenseal Hydrastis canadensis Conservation status Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1)[1] CITES Appendix II (CITES) Scientific classificationEdit this classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Order: Ranunculales Family: Ranunculaceae Subfamily: Hydrastidoideae Rafinesque, 1815 Genus: Hydrastis L. Species: H. canadensis Binomial name Hydrastis canadensis L. Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis), also called orangeroot[2] or yellow puccoon,[2] is a perennial herb in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native to North America. It may be distinguished by its thick, yellow knotted rootstock. The stem is purplish and hairy above ground and yellow below ground where it connects to the yellow rhizome. Goldenseal Northern kentia palm, (Hydriastele ramsayi), up to 30 m tall, compact crown, stiff gray-green pinnae, grows in dry tropical Eucalypt forest at low elevation, northern Australia, Arecaceae
Olive hymenachne, (Hymenachne amplexicaulis), hymenachne, robust perennial grass, marsh grass, introduced to Australia for ponded pasture. but now unwanted invasive pest of streambanks, shallow wetlands and irrigation ditches, Americas, Poaceae
Hymenachne amplexicaulis, Brisbane City Council
Spider lily, (Hymenocallis littoris), perennial herb, up to 1 m, large strap-like leaves, clusters of large white frilly flowers with funnel-shaped centres thick flattened stems, large spherical green fruits, all parts poisonous | Galanthamine | used for border around garden edges, Tropical America, Amaryllidaceae
Isomene lily, (Hymenocallis narcissiflora), pendulous white flowers with funnel-shaped fringed cup, backwards-curving slender petals, bulbous, (houseplant), Amaryllidaceae
(Hymenocrater yazdianus, Nepeta yazdiana), essential oils in leaves | 1, 8-cineole | beta-caryophyllene | alpha-pinene | caryophyllene oxide | Germacrene | Bisabolol | antibacterial activity of the stem leaf and flower oils, Iran, Turkey, Pakistan, Lamiaceae
Native frangipani (Hymenopsporum flavum), (not related to frangipani Plumeria sp.), rainforest tree, up to 20 m, sweetly-scented creamy white to buttery yellow flowers, widely grown, Australia, Pittosporaceae
Hymenopsporum flavum, Australian Native Plants Society
Hyophorbe lagenicaulis, Bottle palm, trunk shaped like a bottle, Mauritius, Arecaceae
Hyophorbe verschaffeltii, spindle palm, Mauritius. but widely cultivated, raphides, Arecaceae
Henbane, (Hyoscyamus niger), black henbane, stinking nightshade, stinging nightshade, khurasani, poisonous, traditional medicine, sleep and nervous disorders, toothache, seeds contain: | Atropine | Scopolamine | Hyoscyamine | poisonous to pigs, cultivated in India and east Europe, Solanaceae
Egyptian henbane, (Hyoscyamus muticus), perennial herb, up to 1.5 m, gathered from the wild, antimicrobial activity of flower extracts and leaf extracts, used in traditional medicine, source of alkaloids | Hyoscyamine |, North Africa, Solanaceae
Hypericum androsaemum | Norathyriol | Hypericin | Mangigerin | the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae
Hypericum aucheri | Norathyriol | Hypericaceae
Rose of Sharon, (Hypericum calycinum), (See Psalm 133:2, Aaron's beard), Jerusalem star, low shrub, large yellow flowers | Hypercalin B | herbal remedy, Hypericaceae
Hypericum drummondii | Drummondin A | Hypericaceae
Japanese St John's wort, (Hypericum japonicum) | Sarothralin | Hypericaceae
St John's wort, (Hypericum perforatum), klamath weed, tutsan, curry bush, prostrate shrub, perennial, groundcover, hardy plant, invasive weed, pink flowers | Hypericin | Hyperin | leaves as herbal medicine, use aerial parts infused oil as a cream for nerve-related pain, e.g. shingles, antidepressant for mild depression. but do not use with antidepressants and other drugs, anti-inflammatory, may cause photosensitivity, yellow dye, invasion of pasture, Croatia, Hypericaceae
Do not combine this herb with any prescribed or self-administered medication, alcohol, ultraviolet light or solarium use.
Some herbalists will not prescribe it, because they consider St John's wort too dangerous for ingestion, due to phytotoxic side effects.
St. John's Wort, Mudbrick Herb Cottage, See text below images.
St. John's Wort, Dried herb sold as aerials, Mudbrick Herb Cottage.
St. John's wort cannot be sent to the states of NSW and Victoria, Australia.
St John's wort, DAF
Curled-leaved St. John's-wort, Hypericum triquetrifolium | Pseudohypericin | Hypericaceae
Doum palm, (Hyphaene thebaica), gingerbread palm, forked trunk, edible gingerbread-tasting fruit, eastern Africa, Arecaceae
Elala Palm. (Hyphaene coriacea, H. natalensis), ilala palm, leaves used for weaving, southern Africa, Arecaceae
Cat's ear, (Hypochaeris radicata), false dandelion, milky sap, all parts edible, invasive weed, Europe, Asteraceae
Goldfish plant, (Hypocyrta glabra), clog plant, (houseplant), Gesnariaceae
Freckle face, (Hypoestes sanguinolenta, H. phyllostachya), polka dot plant, (houseplant), Acanthaceae
Hyppeastrum species, to 60cm, large poisonous bulb, showy flowers at the end of thick hollow stems, green strap-like leaves from the base of the plant, (houseplant), Amaryllidaceae
Knobweed, (Hyptis capitata), lesser roundhead, roadside weed, herbal medicine, Central America, Lamiaceae
Blach sesame, (Hyptis spicigera), bush mint, drying oil, Lamiaceae
Horehound, (Hyptis suavelons), small, purple-mauve flowers in clusters, fruit a lobed burr, roadside weed, South America, naturalised in Australia. Lamiaceae
Hyssop, (Hyssopus officinalis), azob, perennial, hardy plant, up to 50 cm, spikes of small blue flowers, good scented herb, aromatic bitter taste, culinary uses, with rabbit, lamb, salads, vegetables, stewed peaches, apricots, used more in candies than cooking for European cooking, used mainly in Thailand and Vietnam cooking, flavouring in Pernod, Ricard, Chartreuse liqueurs, Borneol, Camphor, Geraniol, Phellandrene, Pinene, Pinocamphone, herbal medicine, tea for colds, (in Bible, "hyssop" used by Hebrews for Passover ritual purification), in some eau de colognes, Mediterranean region, Lamiaceae
Hyssop, Mudbrick Herb Cottage, See text below Description.
Dried herb is sold as aerials.

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